how to draw 3d hollow lines in illustrator

CREATING 3D OBJECTS:

There are many ways to create 3D objects in Illustrator:

Create a 3D Objects Using 2d Shapes with Gradient Fill

Showtime, we will convert a unproblematic filled circumvolve to make it look more than spherical like a ball.

Using the Ellipse tool, hold downwardly the SHIFT cardinal and create a perfect circle with a fill but no stroke.
Add a two-color radial gradient of any colour to a black color. Position the gradient with the gradient annotation tool.

Next, let'due south create a elementary transparent solid cylinder using unproblematic second shapes

Using the rectangle tool, click without dragging to create a rectangle that is three times as tall equally it is wide (i.e., 100W x 300H).
Add a 2-colour linear slope from left-to-correct of the same color just different tint.
Using the Ellipse tool, click without dragging to create a 300 px oval and position it at the bottom of the rectangle with the middle point at the middle point of the base of the rectangle.
Annotation: Is should have the aforementioned gradient applied to it automatically as the rectangle because Adobe Illustrator remembers the last gradient you applied.
Hold down the ALT click and drag the the oval to the top of the rectangle and then immediately printing the SHIFT key to constraint is movement vertically and centre information technology with the centre of the rectangle meridian line.

At present, let's convert this transparent cylinder to a solid cylinder:

Select the bottom oval and the rectangle and select the Unite option in the PathFinder console and press the Expand button to convert the shapes into i shape with a stroke on the tool half of the oval.

Next, let's catechumen the solid cylinder to a hollow cylinder:

Select the elevation oval and copy it and and so select Edit > Paste In Front which will paste the selected oval in the aforementioned identify (like to Paste In Identify in Wink).
With the copied oval yet selected, concord down the SHIFT and and so the ALT keys to scale the oval proportionally and from the center so drag slightly to reduce the oval size.
Note: It is important to hold down the SHIFT key FIRST to constrain the object and and so hold downwardly the ALT fundamental to "pin" the object to its center point. If you lot had held downward the ALT fundamental first you would indistinguishable the object.
With the reduced oval still selected, modify the angle to -90 in the Slope console and then the gradient volition be rotated from top-to-bottom instead of left-to-right.
(Optional) Remove all of the stokes.
(Optional) Using the Gradient console, explore changing the angle or reversing the direction of the creating on the top oval.

Bonus: Create 3D Text

Using the text tool, create some large assuming text on the sheet and convert it to an outline.
Using the Gradient tool, use a gradient (black and white for starter is fine)
Using the Rectangle tool, create a rectangle over the text with the same slope applied and send it to back of the text.
In the Slope panel, change the bending of the rectangle to ninety degrees and and then select the text and set its angle to -xc degrees.
Employ the ALT central and click and drag a copy of the text and first it slightly and change its bending to xc degrees.

Bonus: Create 3D Text with Step and repeat

Click ALT and drag a copy of the slope text.
Select Edit > Copy and then Edit Paste In Dorsum.
With the text object in the back still selected, printing the up arrow primal twice and the left arrow fundamental twice.
Click CTRL+D repeatily to create the 3D effect. The number of times you lot do this footstep will determine the "depth" of the text object.

Bonus: Create a 3D Circular Push

Perform similar steps as creating a 3D text simply only with ii circular rectangles.

Create a 3D Object Using Blending and Shapes

Create an object using whatsoever vector cartoon tool and requite the object a make full (we used red) and a stroke (usually blackness)
Duplicate the object you just created and:
1. delete its stroke
2. change its fill color
3. calibration it downwardly
4. place information technology below original object
Double-click on the blend tool and select Specified Stps every bit the Spacing choice and the number of steps to about 100 or so.
Ensure the object with the stroke is in front of other object (i.e., Adapt > Bring to Front)
Select both objects (CTRL+A) and then select Object > Alloy > Make from the main menu.
(Optional) Utilise the Direct Selection tool to advisedly select the dorsum of the 3D object (letters, in our case) that and then select the Selection to to movement it somewhere else to change the 3D perspective.
NOTE: It is important to remember the alloy mode is based on the stacking order. Then if you are trying to create a 3D effect from a type shape, make sure the main text object is on meridian.

Create a 3D Object Using Blending and Lines

Create an object using any

There are 3 effects (Rotate, Revolve and Extrude & Bevel) nether the Issue > 3D menu that allows you to create 3D objects. However, you create the initial 2nd shape using various vector tools.
CAUTION: Once you create a 3D object and you lot desire to edit information technology again after closing the 3D dialog box, don't select Effect > 3D > .... again from the main carte du jour. Instead, to become back to the 3D dialog box, you need to use the Appearance Panel to make further changes.

Real 3D EFFECTS USING THE THE EFFECT MENU

Yous can create 3D objects from 2D objects using a variety of techniques (Extrude & Bevel, Rovolve and Rotate). So y'all can applied additional options including rotation, texture, lighting, and map artwork (symbols) on the faces of the object.

Create a 3D Object with Revolve Result

Any object that has a "circular" base, yous can use the revolve result.

Create 3D object with Blob tool

In this example, we will create a bowl:

Using the web log tool, create a shape in the class of a capital "J" shape with a medium size brush stroke with a gray color fill up simply no stroke.
Select Effect > 3D > Circumduct... from the chief menu and click on the preview button to see the result. Modify properties (position, lighting, etc.) every bit needed and and then click OK.
Use the Straight Selectiontool to scale or reshape shape, if necessary, to make information technology wait more like a basin.

Create 3D object with Ellipse Tool

In this example, we will create some apples and use a clipping mask to "place" them in the bowl we but created:

To create a 3D apple tree, draw an upright oval shape (similar an egg standing on its end) and so select Effect > 3D > Revolve... from the main card and click on the preview push button to run into the issue. Change properties equally needed and and then click OK.
Duplicate (ALT+click on the apple tree and drag) the apple several times and modify the colour of each apple tree to have a dissimilar tint of greens or reds and and then move them over the top of the bowl. If necessary, select Suit > Send to Back or Front end to position the apples accordingly.
Draw another oval over the top of the apples with no make full so that you tin "see" the apples inside the oval. Position this oval over the opening of the basin.
Select the oval you just created and all of the apples and so select Object > Clipping Mask > Make to hide the bottom "edges" of the apples and then they appear to be in the bowl and not on superlative of it.
TIP: It is best to select everything first and so SHIFT+click the bowl's vector to select the Mask and all of the apples ealier.
If necessary, utilize the Direct Choice tool to move anchor points on either side of the Mask to adjust it to fit the lip of the bowl. (ADD Pic)

Create 3D Object with Pen Tool

In this example, we will create a wine glass:

With the pen tool draw half of a wine glass profile with a stroke but (Run across below).
Select Effect > 3D > Circumduct... from the main carte and fix backdrop as needed and click OK.
TIP: Follow the guidlines below for thickness and fill. Notation: The objects below have a 180° view and then you lot can "encounter" the effects better.
i. The size of the stroke dictate the "thickness" of the object "skin."
2. How y'all draw the object will dictate how it appears. For case, if you draw a single path you will get a solid object's skin and if you draw a double path, you volition get a "hollow" object'south skin.
3. The fill up color will dictate how the object get "fill." Withal, you take to be careful how the object's path is fatigued or you may get an undesired consequence.

NOTE: The way the fill color works with a 3D object is that it will try to "make full" an enclosed shape. If it does not observe an enclosed shape, information technology volition fill from the "opening" of that shape to the the other side whether information technology is opened or closed.
TIP: To create a double-stroke on an object, you can select the object and and then select Object > Path > Starting time Path... from the bill of fare and specify a offset value (i.east., 5 pixel) and click the preview checkbox to meet result. It is important to note that when y'all use this command you create a seperate object that you may desire to delete.

Notation: To add together a "liquid make full" to an object, yous could follow the procedures below:

Create 3D Object with PathFinder Tool (Alternative to those who are not proficient with pen tool)

In this example, we will create a wine glass:

For those who may not be skilful in using the pen tool, create a serial of boxes that stand for half of a wine canteen. (Add together Epitome)
Use the PathFinder tool and combine the shapes into one shape.
Delete left side of object by using the pair of scissors tool.
Employ the Convert Anchor Indicate Tool to convert corner points to bend points to "pull out" bend from the "edges" of the boxes (See below).
If necessary, utilize the Direct Selection Tools to move points to correct shape of path.
Select Consequence > 3D > Revolve... from the primary carte and gear up properties every bit needed and click OK.
(Optional) To alter the color of the bottle, simply change the stroke color.

Create a 3D Object with Extrude and Bevel Effect

Any object that you would like to give "depth" to, you lot tin can use the extrude and bevel effect.

Create 3D object with Pen tool and Extrude and Bevel Effect

In this instance, we will create slices of bread.

Using the pen tool to depict a complete contour of a slice of bread with a brownish stroke and a lite yellow fill.
Select Effect > 3D > Extrude and Bevel and click on the preview checkbox. So conform the Extrude option to make the object expect similar a 3D slice of staff of life. Then rotate object so that it will almost laid apartment.
ALT+click and drag on 3D breadstuff slice and brand several more slices that appear to stack on summit on i another.

Create 3D Object with Text Tool

In this case, we will create a 3D text.

With the text tool, write some large text on the canvas without a stroke.
TIP: If yous don't add together a stroke to the text, information technology will render will fewer surface pane. This comes into play when you desire to map artwork onto the object (Meet below). Also, don't catechumen text to outline then that it tin can be editable at all times. To make information technology easier to edit the text on the canvas, temporarily switch to the Preview mode (CTRL+Y).
Select Consequence > 3D > Extrude and Bevel... from the master menu and set backdrop as needed and click OK.

Create a 3D Object with Rotate Result

Any object that you lot would like to rotate in 3D space (without depth) you can use the Rotate Event.

Create 3D object with Rotate Effect

In this instance, nosotros will create the napkins.

Using the rectangle tool, draw a rectangular shape with a very light grayness fill up and a very small light gray stroke (.25px) that is 1 shade darker than the fill up colour that volition stand for a napkin.
Select Effect > 3D > Rotate and click on the preview checkbox. Conform the angle of the napkin so that it laid virtually flat.
Duplicate and move serveral copies of the napkins so the laid on top of one another but first them to see the underlying napkins.
TIP: Afterward duplicating one napkin and moving it SLIGHTLY on elevation of the other, press CTRL+D to stride-and-repeat additional napkins with the same angle but unlike location.

Bonus: How to Map Symbols to 3D Objects

Yous can map any symbols to the surfaces of a 3D object in the 3D dialog box.

Use an existing symbol or create another symbol past creating a shape so pressing the F8 key to convert shape to a movieclip symbol and give it a name and click OK.

Bonus: How to create a Transparent Sphere and Box

First we will create some strips we afterwards map to the sphere.

Create a narrow strip using the rectangle tool with a fill up color but no stroke.
ALT+click and depict vi additional copies out with agree down the Shift Fundamental.
Space these strips evenly and modify the color of each.
Select all slices and click on the Shear tool and click and drag at meridian of selection to shear it.
Select all slices and convert them to a symbol (F8) and give it a proper noun of strips.
ALTERNATIVELY: Y'all could select all of the strips and drag them into the Symbol panel and give information technology a name when prompted and click OK.

Adjacent, we volition create a sphere. Note, if y'all attempt to create a circle and then use the Extrude and Bevel Effect option, you will non create a sphere but a cylinder.

Create a light color sphere with no stroke past creating a circle and so using the scissors tool and click on the peak and lesser anchor points. So using the Selection tool, cut and delete half of it to create a semi-circumvolve..
With the semi-circumvolve still selected, select Effect > 3D > Revolve... from the main menu and click on the preview button.
Click on the Map Art... button and select the strip from the listing to utilize it to the ball and click on the Scale to Fit button to fit the strip over the entire ball and then click OK.
Annotation: Considering we are using a sphere with no stroke, we only have i surface. Annotation also that the night gray surface area correspond the back side of the object and the white represent the front of the object that we can encounter.
Rotate the sphere so yous can run across the top axis for a amend perspective of the strips.
If the strips are not filled in or they are touching one another, click on the Map Fine art... push button again and stretch the symbol while at the aforementioned time await at the ball on the sheet to encounter if information technology is correct. Adjust accordingly.
To make the sphere transparent, open up the Appearance panel and change the Opacity of both the object Fill (ball) and the 3D Revolve (Mapped) to most 75%. You may demand to click on the arrow adjacent to the Fill to aggrandize it so you tin run across the Opacity setting.

Next, nosotros volition create a set up of dice.

Create six symbols for each side of the dice.
NOTE: If you were using text, you lot will need to convert the text to outline
Create a perfect square with a little white colour but non stroke. Take notation of the width or height of the square considering it volition be used later.
TIP: You can create a perfect foursquare past selecting the rectangle tool and clicking without dragging and and then entering the same value for the width and height into the dialog box and click OK.
Select Effect > 3D > Extrude & Bevel.. from the primary card and click the preview push and brand the extrude length the same as the width or height to brand a perfect box.
Click the Map Fine art... button and map each side of the box by clicking on the advance push button and map the corresponding sides (Don't worry if you lot don't know what sides the symbol goes on)
Note: You tin tell what surface you are on because it will be highlighted in red.
To make the box transparent so that yous tin "meet' the subconscious faces, we demand to turn on the hidden surfaces. To do this, In the 3D Extrude and Bevel dialog box, select the More than Option button and so select the Evidence Hidden Faces checkbox.
Open up the Advent panel and modify the Opacity of both Opacity setting to about 75%.

Ungroup and Group Paths Behave Differently When 3D Effects Are Apllied to Them

It is important to note that you will become dissimilar result depending if a group of paths are grouped or not.

Additional Examples

3D_Columns
3D Objects
CountTheWays
Earth
HybridView
TableWith3DObjects
ExplodedView i
ExplodedView 2
blockbuster
chess_pieces
columns
dices
Isometric Edifice
Isometric Metropolis
piston
found
Roman Columns
Bound

Additional Resources:

PathFinder Resource

Adobe Illustrator 3D | Courses For All Skill Levels | udemy.com
How to Brand 3D Designs in Adobe Illustrator - YouTube
How to create 3D objects in Illustrator - Adobe Assist Center
3D Modeling in Adobe Illustrator - Designmodo
50 Excellent Illustrator 3D Tutorials — Smashing Magazine
40 Useful Adobe Illustrator 3D Tutorials and Techniques - WebFX
How to Create a 3D Text Art Effect in Adobe Illustrator - Design Tutsplus

Shape Builder Resource

Pathfinder vs Shapebuilder
Pathfinder or Shape Builder Tool? | Illustrator CC Tutorial (MUST KNOW!)
The Shape Builder and Pathfinder in Illustrator CS6
The shape builder tool in Adobe Illustrator CC - Illustrator Advanced Training [8/53]
Shape Builder Tool in Adobe Illustrator CC
How to depict using the Shape Architect tool - Adobe Illustrator CC 2022 [5-half-dozen/39]
Illustrator Tutorial: Shape Builder Tool (Logo Design Nuts)
Like shooting fish in a barrel Beginner Adobe Illustrator Tutorial: Edifice with Shapes
Illustrator Tutorial: Shape Builder Tool (Logo Design)
The Shape Builder Tool | Adobe Illustrator Quick Tips & Tricks #3
Learn How To Use the Shape Builder Tool in Adobe Illustrator | Dansky
Shape Architect Tool Logo Blueprint In Illustrator
How to Use The Shape Builder Tool Within Adobe Illustrator CS6
Advanced Shape Builder Workflow in Adobe Illustrator CC

Opacity and Clipping Mask In Illustrator Resource

Adobe Illustrator CS6 Tutorial | Opacity Masks | InfiniteSkills
Masking in Adobe Illustrator CC
Adobe Illustrator: Advanced Opacity Masks
ULTIMATE GUIDE to MASKING in ILLUSTRATOR CC
OPACITY MASK - ILLUSTRATOR TIPS 13
How To Use Transparency/Opacity Masks in Illustrator
opacity mask illustrator
Awesome Opacity Masks in Adobe Illustrator
Clipping Mask and Opacity Mask in Illustrator CS6
Illustrator Tutorial, Doing Opacity Masks (Layer Masks) In Illustrator

Depict Inside and Depict Behind Every bit Masks

How to Describe Inside an Object/Text in Adobe Illustrator

Illustrator: Depict Inside of Objects - Tutorial

How to draw inside a clipping mask | Adobe Illustrator Quick Tips & Tricks #1

How to utilize DRAW INSIDE Mode | Illustrator Tutorial (how to Draw a Rose)

Illustrator, Drawing Within, Draw Backside, Draw Normal

Illustrator CS5 using Draw Behind and Draw Inside Modes

Draw Behind | Illustrator CC Tutorial #184/365

brucequinnow94.blogspot.com

Source: http://www.richmediacs.com/user_manuals/Illustrator/Creating3DObjects.html